India Confirms First Cases of HMPV, Health Minister Assures Public Safety, Experts Shares Symptoms

Key Points –

1. Three HMPV cases confirmed in India.
2. Mild symptoms for adults, severe in children and elderly.
3. Spread through respiratory droplets, peaking in winter.
4. No specific treatment or vaccine available.
5. Government closely monitoring the situation.

New Delhi, Jan 06: As health authorities confirm the first few cases of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) in India, there has been growing public concern regarding its spread. The Health Ministry has confirmed three cases of HMPV in the country, though experts emphasize that the virus is not new and has been circulating globally for decades. In an exclusive interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Sandeep Budhiraja, Group Medical Director at Max Healthcare, reassured the public, stating, “This human metapneumovirus is not a new virus. It has been recognized for the last few decades and is unlike the COVID-19 virus, which was a novel, newly detected virus.”

What Is HMPV?

HMPV is a common respiratory virus that can lead to symptoms similar to the common cold. These include fever, body aches, stuffy or blocked nose, nasal discharge, and throat pain. While these symptoms are generally mild for most adults, HMPV can sometimes cause severe respiratory illness, including wheezing, bronchitis, and pneumonia. In extreme cases, the virus can affect the lungs, leading to more severe complications.

HMPV was first identified in 2001, though studies show it has been circulating in human populations since the 1970s. According to Dr. Budhiraja, “These types of viruses cause similar symptoms like body ache, fever, headache, nasal congestion, and throat pain. While most cases are upper respiratory, the illness can escalate and involve the lungs in certain situations.”

At-Risk Populations

While the virus usually causes mild illness in adults, the risk of severe disease is higher for certain groups. Dr. Budhiraja pointed out that children under the age of five, elderly people, and individuals with pre-existing medical conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, kidney failure, cancer, or those on dialysis are more susceptible to developing severe symptoms. He stressed that “children, elderly people, and individuals with compromised immune systems are particularly at risk of more severe outcomes.”

Mode of Transmission

Much like other respiratory viruses, HMPV spreads through droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The virus typically peaks between November and May and is more common during the winter and early spring months. However, unlike some other viral infections, there is currently no specific vaccine or treatment for HMPV. Dr. Budhiraja explained that treatment is typically symptomatic and based on the severity of the symptoms.

India’s Response

In response to rising concerns, Indian Health Minister JP Nadda addressed the public, assuring them that HMPV is not a new virus. He stated, “This virus has been circulating globally for several years and has been identified since 2001. It spreads primarily through respiratory droplets.” He also clarified that the government is monitoring the situation closely, especially in light of recent cases reported in China. “The Ministry of Health, along with the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), is keeping a close watch on the situation in China and neighboring countries,” Nadda said in a video message.

Global Monitoring and Public Reassurance

Nadda reassured citizens that the situation is under control and there is no need to panic, despite the rising chatter on social media. The World Health Organization (WHO) has acknowledged the situation and is expected to release its report soon. “We are taking all necessary measures to ensure public safety. The virus is not new, and there is no reason for panic,” he emphasized.

India’s health authorities are working in collaboration with global health agencies to track the virus and take preventive measures to minimize its spread. While no specific treatment or vaccine exists for HMPV at present, health experts urge the public to practice good hygiene, including frequent handwashing and wearing masks, to prevent transmission.

As the situation develops, authorities continue to monitor the spread of HMPV within India and beyond, particularly in regions where the virus has been previously reported, such as China. The public is advised to stay informed through official channels and follow health protocols to protect themselves and others.

Conclusion

While the confirmation of HMPV cases in India has stirred public concern, health experts emphasize that the virus has been in circulation for years and typically causes mild symptoms in adults. With adequate precautions and medical attention, the virus can be managed effectively, especially for high-risk groups. The Indian government, in partnership with global health organizations, remains vigilant to ensure the safety of the public, urging citizens to avoid unnecessary panic and stay informed on the situation.